McLean Institute for Technology in Psychiatry
Supporting Mental Health in the Digital Age
The McLean Institute for Technology in Psychiatry (ITP) was founded in 2016 to advance psychiatric research and practice through innovations in digital health technology and informatics.
To accomplish these goals, we work with global leaders in academia, industry, and healthcare to:
- Innovate new technology-based methods for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating psychiatric disorders
- Support technology-based solutions in research and clinical care
- Optimize new and existing technology to meet the needs of clinicians, patients, and the scientific community
Technology in Psychiatry Summit
The ITP also hosts the annual Technology in Psychiatry Summit. Join us to help build a more accessible future.
Improving Care Through Research
As a freestanding psychiatric hospital and the largest psychiatric affiliate of Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital provides a unique environment for optimizing treatments and providing support for a wide range of patient-centered research initiatives. ITP brings together the leading minds in technology, science, and clinical care with a shared vision of using technology to improve mental health.
Together with partners in academia and industry, ITP develops new technologies for understanding and treating psychiatric illness such as apps, wearables, web-based games, surveys, and video-based platforms. It is the ITP’s mission to incorporate these technologies into research and clinical care to address the most pressing problems in mental health.
In addition to providing leadership in technology development and mental health, ITP offers comprehensive support for navigating the challenges of responsible and ethical discovery. We help organizations and investigators:
- Conduct clinical trials and clinical research studies that integrate digital phenotypes and/or technology-based patient engagement strategies
- Identify the best software and hardware tools for collecting behavioral and physiological data
- Define best practices for digital phenotype collection across clinical, laboratory, and external settings (i.e., “in the wild”)
- Develop streamlined IRB and clinical trials agreements with standardized language for digital protocols to enable more efficient delivery of information and services to cooperating agents/entities and regulatory bodies
- Validate new digital health technologies to diagnose and treat mental disorders, as well as monitor variations in psychological and brain functioning that are associated with health and disease
- Educate individuals and organizations interested in technology-based mental health interventions and deep phenotyping
If you are interested in learning more about the McLean Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, please contact us.
Project Spotlight
Below are some examples of current projects taking place at or in collaboration with the McLean Institute for Technology in Psychiatry (ITP). In each project, the goal is to improve our ability to understand or improve mental health and create systems that meet patients where they are through personalized, digital solutions that can be made widely available.
Smartphone-Based Treatment Interventions
Beiwe is the world’s first fully encrypted smartphone platform for continuous monitoring of patients with severe mental illness coupled to world-class machine classifiers. The goal of Beiwe is to build a clinical warning system capable of detecting and adapting to complex changes in behavior, while they are happening or even before. This will enable clinicians to help identify and support patients during the times when they need it most.
Lead investigators: JP Onnela, Justin T. Baker, MD, PhD
Cognitive Assessment in the Wild
TestMyBrain is a web-based cognitive assessment platform that takes advantage of the strong public interest in the mind and brain as an engine for scientific advancement. Since 2008, the TestMyBrain project has tested almost 2 million people across over 50 web-based tasks specifically designed to engage the interest of research participants and provide high-quality research data. Recently, the NIMH has contracted with McLean Hospital and McLean personnel associated with the TestMyBrain project to develop recommendations for an RDoC field test battery that can be used to measure clinically relevant dimensions of behavior in a field test setting, outside of the traditional laboratory or clinic. The investigators are humbled to have this opportunity to collaborate with experts in clinical and basic sciences to develop reliable and valid measures of these fundamental components of mental health disorders.
Lead investigator: Laura Germine, PhD
Digital Phenotyping in Mental Illness
The Emerald sensor uses wireless radio signals to determine the location and motion of a person in their living environment, thus collecting a complex data analysis of a patient. As a passive, wall-mounted sensor, Emerald does not require patients to change their behavior or interact with wearable technologies. The goal is to be able to use this technology to help seniors with mental health conditions by providing clinicians with day-to-day information about how people live in their environment.
Lead investigators: Ipsit Vahia, MD, Dina Katabi, PhD
The Last Mile Problem in Psychiatry
The MultiSense project uses video to capture naturalistic face-to-face clinical interviews. We then use these videos in combination with machine learning to improve the efficiency and robustness of mental health assessments through automatic sensing. The goal of the MultiSense project is to improve patient care and enable high-throughput behavioral characterizations for conventional clinical trials.
Lead investigators: Justin T. Baker, MD, PhD, Elizabeth Liebson, MD, Joseph Stoklosa, MD, Louis-Philippe Morency
Leadership
Rachel Sava, PhD, Program Director
Dr. Sava utilizes her experiences in academia, industry, and business to help propel the initiatives of the McLean Institute for Technology in Psychiatry and drive its mission to identify, innovate, and implement technologies that can significantly impact patient lives. She conducted her PhD studying the mechanisms underlying ketamine’s fast-acting antidepressant effects funded by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship.
Justin T. Baker, MD, PhD, Scientific Director
Dr. Baker is also the director of the Laboratory for Functional Neuroimaging and Bioinformatics at McLean Hospital. His research uses both large scale studies and deep phenotyping approaches to understand the nature and underlying biology of mental illnesses, particularly lifelong conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Laura Germine, PhD, Technical Director
Dr. Germine is also the director of the Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Health Technology at McLean Hospital and founder of TestMyBrain.org. Her research is oriented around understanding the relationship between cognitive health and psychopathology, aided by the development of web-based tools for measuring cognition that are accessible, scalable, and meet the goals and needs of patients.
Benjamin C. Silverman, MD, Director of Ethics
Dr. Silverman is also the senior IRB chair at Mass General Brigham and chair of the Mass General Brigham Embryonic Stem Cell Research Oversight (ESCRO) Committee. At Harvard Medical School, he is an assistant professor of psychiatry and a faculty member in the Center for Bioethics. His academic interests center on research ethics, in particular pertaining to research conducted with vulnerable populations.
Ipsit Vahia, MD, Medical Director
Dr. Vahia is also the medical director of McLean’s Geriatric Psychiatry Outpatient Services. His research focuses on the use of technology and informatics in the assessment and management of older adults.
Facts and Figures
Mental Health Overview
Approximately 1 in 5 adults in the U.S.—43.8 million, or 18.5%—experiences mental illness in a given year. (NAMI)
High income nations, on average, spend 5% of total health spending on mental health; for lower middle-income countries the figure is less than 2%. (WHO report)
Mental health workers account for only 1% of the global health workforce and 45% of the world’s population lives in a country with less than one psychiatrist per 100,000 people. (APA report)
Digital Technology Overview
Nearly nine-in-ten Americans today are online, up from about half in the early 2000s. (Pew Research Center)
Roughly 3/4 of Americans (77%) now own a smartphone. (Pew Research Center)
- 92% 18-29 year olds vs. 42% 65+ year olds
- 54% less than high school vs. 89% college grads
- <$30k = 64%, >$75k = 93%
- It was only 68% ownership in 2015 and 35% in 2011 (Pew 2015)
Today just over one-in-ten American adults are “smartphone-only” internet users—meaning they own a smartphone, but do not have traditional home broadband service. (Pew Research Center)
The Digitally Unreached
13% of Americans don’t use the internet. (Pew September 2016)
- 1/3 of non-internet users (34%) did not go online because they had no interest in doing so or did not think the internet was relevant to their lives.
- Another 32% of non-internet users said the internet was too difficult to use, including 8% of this group who said they were “too old to learn.”
- Cost was also a barrier for some adults who were offline—19% cited the expense of internet service or owning a computer.
- 41% of U.S. adults aged 65+ are not online. (Pew September 2016)
Digital Technology in Schizophrenia
90% of the individuals in this survey (NAMI survey) owned more than one digital device such as a personal computer, tablet, or smartphone. 54% had access to smartphones compared to 64% of all Americans. Many survey respondents use their devices to cope with mental illness:
- 42% by blocking or managing auditory hallucinations with music or audio files
- 38% for health information on the internet
- 37% for calendar reminders
- 32% for transportation and map needs
- 28% for medication management
- 26% for supporting others
- 26% for developing relationships with other persons with schizophrenia
- 25% for monitoring symptoms
- 24% for identifying coping strategies
Digital Tech in Mental Illness (Overall)
Most (72%-97%) patients with mental illness have reported the use of mobile phones for activities other than spoken conversations such as sending emails, web browsing, and social networking. (National Medical Journal of India)
Individuals with severe mental illness: “93% owned cellphones, 78% used text messaging, 50% owned smartphones, and 71% used social media such as Facebook.” (Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal)
Telepsychiatry and the Opportunity for Digital
“The average 18-25 year-old checks their phone 56 times/day.” (Bridianne O’Dea, TEDxYouth@Sydney) The phone is a direct portal.
“The global telehealth market is expected to be worth US$34.27 billion by the end of 2020, with North America being the largest market globally accounting for more than 40% of the global market size.” (HIT Consultant)
“Three in five Americans are open to virtual support service options (e.g., video conference calls) with pharmaceutical companies to help them understand medications. This is especially true with millennials, as 70% want to leverage these modern technologies to communicate with their drug providers.” (Salesforce 2017 Connected Patient Report)
“Nearly three in four Americans (72%) say it’s important that their health insurance providers use modern tools—such as live chat/instant message and two-way video—when communicating with them.” (Salesforce 2017 Connected Patient Report)
“A majority of Americans currently communicate with their doctors via traditional channels to schedule appointments, with 80% using the phone.” (Salesforce 2017 Connected Patient Report)
Access to Care and Pressing Need
Insurance companies: “Millennials are more than three times as likely than baby boomers (26% vs. 7%) to use their insurance companies to find health care providers.” (Salesforce 2017 Connected Patient Report)
Serious mental illness costs America $193.2 billion in lost earnings per year. (NAMI)
Mood disorders, including major depression, dysthymic disorder and bipolar disorder, are the third most common cause of hospitalization in the U.S. for both youth and adults aged 18-44. (NAMI)
Smartphone ownership: “There are no differences in smartphone ownership among different racial and ethnic groups.” (Pew Research Center)
If there’s parity in tools, that means we can have parity in methods and quality of care delivered digitally.